Pretoria - The UN Climate Change Conference opened in Cancun, Mexico, with the world calling for a balanced and concrete outcome to address global warming.
The conference, which opened on Monday, follows the failure of world leaders to reach consensus on a climate change pact in Copenhagen, Denmark last year - one that would replace the Kyoto Protocol, which expires in 2012.
The goal at the Cancun conference, is to strike a "balanced package" of progress on each of those issues and an agreement by the wealthier countries to make good on their promise to come up with $30 billion in short-term financing to help developing nations adjust to global climate disruption.
"You are gathered in Cancun to weave together the elements of a solid response to climate change, using both reason and creativity as your tools," UN Framework Convention on Climate Change's (UNFCO) Christiana Figueres, told the gathering.
The UNFCCC is an international treaty which considers what can be done to reduce global warming and to cope with inevitable temperature increases.
Some countries have approved an addition to the treaty, the Kyoto Protocol, which has more powerful and legally binding measures.
The meeting is taking place just days after the UN World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) found that concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have today reached their highest level since pre-industrial times.
Figueres said a solid outcome in Cancun is urgent given the WMO's findings as well as because the poorest and most vulnerable need predictable and sufficient assistance to face a serious problem that they did not cause.
"The task is not easy, but it is achievable," she told delegates attending the two-week meeting, which is the 16th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 16) to the Convention.
Participants, including South Africa, are expected to conclude agreements related to issues such as technology transfer, mitigation and adaptation, and funding.
"I urge you to resolve these issues with priority so that a balanced outcome in Cancun can be achieved," she said.
"Looking at what you have achieved over the past months, I am convinced that you can compromise to find your way to a concrete outcome in Cancun," she added. "That outcome needs to be both firm and dependable and have a dedicated follow-on process for future work."
Figueres also highlighted a number of "politically charged" issues that need to be tackled, including the need to avoid a gap after the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012 and the importance of having clarity on the continuation of the Protocol.
